2 Timothy 4:14

Authorized King James Version

Alexander the coppersmith did me much evil: the Lord reward him according to his works:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἀλέξανδρος
Alexander
alexander, the name of three israelites and one other man
#2
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
χαλκεὺς
the coppersmith
a copper-worker or brazier
#4
πολλά
much
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
#5
μοι
me
to me
#6
κακὰ
evil
worthless (intrinsically, such; whereas g4190 properly refers to effects), i.e., (subjectively) depraved, or (objectively) injurious
#7
ἐνεδείξατο·
did
to indicate (by word or act)
#8
ἀποδῴη
reward
to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)
#9
αὐτοῦ·
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
κύριος
the Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#12
κατὰ
according to
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
#13
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
ἔργα
works
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#15
αὐτοῦ·
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Timothy. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection